14 严峻的考验

e et soviétique, vol. 13, no. 2 (1972), p. 183. 这样的做法在整个19世纪持续进行。See Samuel Kucherov, Courts, Lawyers, and Trials under the Last Three Tsars (New York, 1953); Samuel Kutscheroff, ‘Administration of Justice under Nicholas I of Russia’, American Slavic and East European Review, vol. 7, no. 2 (April 1948), p. 128; Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi Imperii (1830), vol. 20, art. 14309; ‘K istorii zagovora Sukhinova’, Byloe, 1906, no. 8, p. 131.

53‘K istorii zagovora Sukhinova’, pp. 130–35.

54Uchrezhdenie dlia upravleniia bol’shoi deistvuiushchei armii. Chast’ pervaia (St. Petersburg, 1812), p. 4; ‘K epilogu zagovora I. I. Sukhinova’, Byloe, 1906, no. 5, pp. 37–8.

55RGIA, f. 468, op. 19, d. 547 (1828), l. 30.

56RGIA, f. 468, op. 25, d. 244 (1828), l. 132.

57[Solov’ev], ‘I. I. Sukhinov’, pp. 920, 926.

58[I. I. Gorbachevskii], ‘Zapiski neizvestnogo iz Obshchestva Soedinennykh Slavian’, Russkii arkhiv, 1882, no. 1, pp. 435–554; ‘Zapiski Barona Andreia Evgenievicha Rozena’, Otechestvennye zapiski, 1876, no. 3, p. 48; ‘Vospominaniia Matveia Ivanovicha Murav’eva-Apostola’, Russkaia starina, 1886, no. 5, p. 535; Volkonskaia, Zapiski, p. 86; ‘Rasskazy Praskov’i Egorovny Annenkovoi’, Russkaia starina, 1888, no. 4, p. 374. 只有扎瓦利申怀疑根本不曾有密谋：Dmitrii Zavalishin, Zapiski dekabrista, 2nd edn (St. Petersburg, 1906), p. 287。



5 民主共和国


1‘Neizdannaia rukopis’ dekabrista N. V. Basargina’, Katorga i ssylka, 1925, no. 5, p. 164; M. K. Azadovskii (ed.), Vospominaniia Bestuzhevykh (Moscow, 1951), pp. 248, 313–14.

2Geoffrey Hosking, Russia: People and Empire, 1552–1917 (Cambridge, MA, 1998), p. 144; W. Bruce Lincoln, Nicholas I: Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias (Bloomington, IN, 1978), ch. 4; Nicholas V. Riasanovsky, Nicholas I and Official Nationality in Russia, 1825–1855 (Berkeley, 1959).

3Nicholas V. Riasanovsky, A Parting of the Ways: Government and the Educated Public in Russia, 1801–1855 (Oxford, 1976).

4Mariia Volkonskaia, Zapiski Marii Volkonskoi (St. Petersburg, 1904), p. 70; Andrei Rozen, Zapiski dekabrista (Leipzig, 1870), pp. 218–19; GARF, f. 109, 1 eksp., d. 61, ch. 1 (1826), l. 140; Mikhail O. Gershenzon (ed.), ‘Pis’ma M. N. Volkonskoi iz Sibiri’, Russkie propilei (Moscow, 1915), p. 44.

5Azadovskii (ed.), Vospominaniia Bestuzhevykh, p. 248; Rozen, Zapiski, p. 221; N. V. Basargin, Zapiski (Krasnoyarsk, 1985), p. 111.

6Volkonskaia, Zapiski, pp. 42–4.

7Gershenzon (ed.), ‘Pis’ma M. N. Volkonskoi’, p. 55.

8Volkonskaia, Zapiski, pp. 76–8.

9V. A. Fedotov (ed.), ‘Krestnyi put’ dekabristov v Sibir’: Dokumenty ob otpravke osuzhdennykh na katorgu i v ssylku i ob usloviiakh ikh soderzhaniia 1826–1837 gg.’, Istoricheskii arkhiv, 2006, no. 6, pp. 52–3; A. D. Kolesnikov, ‘Ssylka i zaselenie Sibiri’, in L. M. Goriushkin (ed.), Ssylka i katorga v Sibiri XVIII-nachalo XX v. (Novosibirs