14 严峻的考验

deti i ikh materi’, Pravo, 1899, no. 50, p. 2354; N. S. Lobas, Katorga i poselenie na o-ve Sakhaline. Neskol’ko shtrikhov iz zhizni russkoi shtrafnoi kolonii (Pavlograd, 1903), p. 113; Cathy A. Frierson, All Russia Is Burning! A Cultural History of Fire and Arson in Late Imperial Russia (Washington, 2002), ch. 5; Stephen P. Frank, ‘Narratives Within Numbers: Women, Crime and Judicial Statistics in Imperial Russia, 1834–1913’, The Russian Review, vol. 55, no. 4 (October 1996), pp. 541–66; Laurie Bernstein, Sonia’s Daughters: Prostitutes and Their Regulation in Imperial Russia (Berkeley, 1995).

35Chekhov, Sakhalin Island, p. 230; RGIA, f. 1286, op. 4, d. 413 (1828), l. 12; RGIA, f. 1264, op. 1, d. 414 (1825), ll. 4–5; I. V. Efimov, Iz zhizni katorzhnykh Ilginskogo i Aleksandrovskogo togda kazennykh, vinokurennykh zavodov, 1848–1853 gg. (St. Petersburg, 1899), p. 51; L. Mel’shin [P. F. Iakubovich], V mire otverzhennykh: zapiski byvshego katorzhnika (St. Petersburg, 1896), p. 17; Dril’, Ssylka i katorga v Rossii, pp. 32, 35.

36RGIA, f. 1149, op. 2, d. 97 (1837), l. 14 ob; Vasilii Vlasov, Kratkii ocherk neustroistv sushchestvuiushchikh na katorge (St. Petersburg, 1873), p. 39.

37RGIA, f. 1263, op. 1, d. 1067 (1836), ll. 134–5; GARF, f. 122, 3 dp., op. 5, d. 1154 (1885), l. 91.

38I. P. Belokonskii (Petrovich), Po tiur’mam i etapam: Ocherki tiuremnoi zhizni i putevye zametki ot Moskvy do Krasnoiarska (Oryol, 1887), p. 57; George Kennan, Siberia and the Exile System, 2 vols. (New York, 1891), vol. 1, p. 108; RGIA, f. 1286, op. 36, d. 686 (1875), l. 20; RGIA, f. 1286, op. 38, d. 467 (1877), l. 41 ob; N. M. Iadrintsev, Sibir’ kak koloniia v geograficheskom, etnograficheskom i istoricheskom otnoshenii (St. Petersburg, 1882), p. 175.

39Chekhov, A Life in Letters, p. 261; Vlasov, Kratkii ocherk neustroistv, p. 38.

40S. V. Maksimov, Sibir’ i katorga, 3rd edn (St. Petersburg, 1900), p. 24; Alexandra Oberländer, Unerhörte Subjekte: die Wahrnehmung sexueller Gewalt in Russland, 1880–1910 (Frankfurt, 2013), ch. 4.

41V. I. Semevskii, Rabochie na sibirskikh zolotykh promyslakh: istoricheskoe issledovanie, 2 vols. (St. Petersburg, 1898), vol. 1, pp. xvii–xviii; Vlasov, Kratkii ocherk neustroistv, pp. 33, 36–8.

42Vlasov, Kratkii ocherk neustroistv, pp. 33, 36.

43GARF, f. 122, op. 5, d. 2807 (1899), ll. 5–6; Poddubskii, ‘Sakhalinskie deti’, pp. 2351–3; IRLI RAN, f. 134, op. 4, d. 319, ll. 61–70.

44Chekhov, Sakhalin Island, pp. 228–30; Lobas, Katorga i poselenie, pp. 105–10.

45Chekhov, Sakhalin Island, p. 229.

46Lobas, Katorga i poselenie, pp. 107–8.

47Chekhov, Sakhalin Island, p. 232; Dril’, Ssylka i katorga v Rossii, p. 32.

48Poddubskii, ‘Sakhalinskie deti’, pp. 2352–3.

49A. P. Salomon, ‘O Sakhaline’, Tiuremnyi vestnik, 1901, no. 2, pp. 75–7.

50Ibid., p. 76; Krasnov, ‘Na ostrove izgnaniia’, p.