14 严峻的考验

RGIA（Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv）——俄罗斯国家历史档案馆

IRLI RAN（lnstitut russkoi literatury Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk）——俄罗斯科学院俄罗斯文献研究院

AAN SPb（Sankt Peterburgskii filial arkhiva Akademii Nauk）——科学院档案馆圣彼得堡分馆

TsGIA SPb（Tsentral’nyi gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv Sankt Peterburga）——圣彼得堡国家中央历史档案馆



莫斯科


GARF（Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii）——俄罗斯联邦国家档案馆

RGVIA（Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi voenno-istoricheskii arkhiv）——俄罗斯国家军事-历史档案馆



托博尔斯克


GATOvgT（Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Tiumen’skoi oblasti v gorode Tobol’sk）——秋明州国家档案馆（位于托博尔斯克市）



伊尔库茨克


GAIO（Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv lrkutskoi oblasti）——伊尔库茨克州国家档案馆



档案文献使用了如下缩写


f. (fond)

op. (opis’)

d. (delo)

k. (karton)

n. (nomer)

ch. (chast’)

dp. (deloproizvodstvo)

eksp. (ekspeditsiia)

t. (tom)

sv. (svodka)

o. o. (osoboe otdelenie)

l. 或 ll. (list or listy)



引　言


1F. M. Dostoevskii, ‘Zapiski iz Mertvogo doma’, in idem, Polnoe sobranie sochinenii, 30 vols. (Leningrad, 1972–90), vol. 4, p. 9.



序言　乌格利奇的铜钟


1K. Iaroslavskii, Vozvrashchennyi iz Sibiri uglichskii kolokol (Uglich, 1892); D. V. Lavrov, Uglichskii ssyl’nyi kolokol (Uglich, 1913); A. M. Lobashkov, Istoriia ssyl’nogo kolokola (Yaroslavl, 1988), pp. 32–45.

2Lobashkov, Istoriia ssyl’nogo kolokola, pp. 9–27; Andrew A. Gentes, Exile to Siberia, 1590–1822 (Basingstoke, 2008), pp. 36–7.

3Ippolit Zavalishin, Opisanie Zapadnoi Sibiri, 2 vols. (Moscow, 1862), vol. 1, pp. 317–18.

4Galina Shebaldina, Shvedskie voennoplennye v Sibiri (Pervaia chetvert’ XVIII veka) (Moscow, 2005), ch. 1; A. P. Mikheev, Tobol’skaia katorga (Omsk, 2007), pp. 24–5.

5F. Kudriavtsev and G. Vendrikh, Irkutsk: ocherki po istorii goroda (Irkutsk, 1971), pp. 105–6; L. M. Dameshek (ed.), Irkutsk v panorame vekov (Irkutsk, 2002), pp. 139, 146; N. V. Kulikauskene (ed.), Letopis’ goroda Irkutska XVII—XIX vv. (Irkutsk, 1996), pp. 233–6.

6Alexander Solzhenitsyn, The Gulag Archipelago: 1918–1956, trans. Thomas P. Whitney and Harry Willetts (London, 1995); Anne Applebaum, Gulag: A History (London, 2004); Steven A. Barnes, Death and Redemption: The Gulag and the Shaping of Soviet Society (Princeton, 2011).

7Yuri Slezkine and Galya Diment, ‘Introduction’, in idem (eds.), Between Heaven and Hell: The Myth of Siberia in Russian Culture (New York, 1993), p. 2; Valerie Kivelson, Cartographies of Tsardom: The Land and Its Meanings in Seventeenth-Century Russia (Ithaca, 2006), ch. 4.

8Robert Hughes, The Fatal Shore: A History of the Transportation of Convicts to Australia, 1787–1868 (London, 1986), p. xi; Stephen A. Toth